RNA is the acronym for ribonucleic acid. It is a nucleic acid that is responsible for transferring genetic information from DNA in order to synthesize proteins according to the functions and characteristics indicated. RNA is present in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Also, the RNA is composed of a simple chain that can sometimes be duplicated. It is made up of bonded nucleotides that form chains. Each nucleotide consists of: a sugar (ribose), a phosphate group and 4 nitrogen bases (adenine, guanine, uracil and cytosine).
RNA carries the genetic information of DNA for the synthesis of the necessary proteins. That is, the RNA copies the information of each DNA gene and then goes to the cytoplasm, where it binds to the ribosome to direct protein synthesis.
RNA begins to be studied in 1868 by Friedrich Miescher, also, he was the first person to investigate DNA and promote the study of nucleic acids. The international abbreviation is RNA for its acronym in English for ribonucleic acid. Click to see more definition.
RNA types
In reference to the above, we can distinguish the interaction of various types of RNA in genetic expression, among which we have:
- Messenger RNA(mRNA): known as coding RNA, it has the genetic code that determines the scheme of amino acids to form a protein;
- RNA transfer(tRNA): is responsible for carrying amino acids to ribosomes in order to incorporate them into the process of protein synthesis, likewise, it is responsible for encoding the information that messenger RNA possesses to a protein sequence and, finally,
- Ribosomal RNA(rRNA): it is part of the ribosomes and acts in the enzymatic activity, it is responsible for creating the peptide bonds between the amino acids of the polypeptide in the protein synthesis process.
It is also worth mentioning ribozyme, which is a type of RNA with a catalytic function capable of carrying out its self-duplication when there is an absence of proteins. This characteristic is of great importance, since it has to do with the hypothesis that RNA was one of the first forms of life, prior to DNA, and that it allowed the first cell to form, since it contains stored genetic information and can self-duplicate.
RNA and DNA
Between ribonucleic acid (RNA) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) there are differences in their structure and function. RNA groups its proteins in a single helix while DNA groups them in a double helix. The nucleotides that make up the RNA are made up of ribose, a phosphate group and four nitrogenous bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine and uracil.
The nucleotides that form the DNA, on the other hand, are made up of deoxyribose, a phosphate group and four nitrogen bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine, and it is always found in the nucleus. In reference to its functions, the DNA selects, stores and saves the genetic code, in turn, the RNA transmits the genetic code stored by DNA, that is, it serves as a messenger.
Bay Shore, New York - According to existingcountries, Bay Shore, New York is a village located in the town of Islip on Long Island’s South Shore. The village is situated on the Great South Bay between Fire Island and the Atlantic Ocean. It is bordered...
Read more
Cosmopolis, Washington - Cosmopolis, Washington is a small town located in Grays Harbor County on the banks of the Chehalis River. It is situated between two hills and surrounded by lush green forests, making it a beautiful place to live and visit. The...
Read more
Bristol County, Rhode Island - Bristol County is located in the southeastern corner of Rhode Island and is bordered by Massachusetts to the west and Narragansett Bay to the east. It covers a total area of approximately 180 square miles, making it one of the...
Read more
Bamberg County, South Carolina - Bamberg County is located in the southeastern corner of South Carolina. It is bordered by Barnwell County to the north, Allendale County to the east, and Colleton County to the south and west. The county covers an area of approximately...
Read more
American University of Vietnam (AUV) - According to abbreviationfinder, American University of Vietnam is commonly known as AUV. The American University of Vietnam (AUV) is a private university located in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Founded in 2014, it is the first international university in the country...
Read more
American Institute of Science and Technology (AIST) - According to abbreviationfinder, American Institute of Science and Technology is commonly known as AIST. The American Institute of Science and Technology (AIST) was founded in 1887 as the first institution in the United States dedicated to advanced scientific research. The institute...
Read more
Bon Homme County, South Dakota - Bon Homme County is located in the southeastern corner of South Dakota. It is bordered to the north by Hutchinson County, to the east by Yankton County, to the south by Charles Mix and Douglas Counties and to the west...
Read more
Benton County, Tennessee - Benton County, Tennessee is located in the northwest corner of the state and is part of the Nashville metropolitan area. The county is bordered by Humphreys County to the north, Decatur County to the east, Hardin County to the south,...
Read more
American College of Project Managers (ACPM) - According to abbreviationfinder, American College of Project Managers is commonly known as ACPM. The American College of Project Managers (ACPM) was founded in 1997 by a group of experienced project managers who wanted to create an institution that could provide training...
Read more
Clearfield, Utah Population, Schools and Places of Interest - Clearfield, Utah is a small city located in Davis County and borders many other cities and towns. To the north of Clearfield is the city of Layton, which offers many attractions such as the Hill Air Force Museum, Layton Hills...
Read more